Crime and Justice Atlas

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Criminology Theories and Schools

Routine Activity Theory

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A theory introduced in 1979 by Lawrence E. Cohen and Marcus Felson holding that crime occurs when three elements converge in time and space: a motivated offender, a suitable target and the absence of a capable guardian.

Facts
Core ClaimSourced to the subject's own account
Crime requires the convergence, in time and place, of a motivated offender, a suitable target and the absence of a capable guardian. 1
Origin YearSourced to the subject's own account
1979 1
Standing CritiqueSourced to the subject's own account
The theory is mainly a macro-level account of crime and victimization; it requires a motivated offender as one of its three elements but does not explain how such offenders become motivated in the first place. 1
Cross-Tradition Connections

Developed By

Informed

Both approaches explain crime through the convergence of offender, target and setting rather than offender pathology alone.

It targets the opportunity element of the offender, target and guardian convergence.

Sources
1. Wikipedia: Routine Activity Theory
Criticisms section
Quote, Criticisms section
Routine activity theory is mainly a macro theory of crime and victimization. It requires motivated offenders, but does not explain how such offenders become motivated.
View the Source
1. Wikipedia: Routine Activity Theory
Lead section
Quote, Lead section
Routine activity theory is a sub-field of crime opportunity theory that focuses on situations of crimes.
View the Source
1. Wikipedia: Routine Activity Theory
Developed By: Lawrence E. CohenView the Source
1. Wikipedia: Routine Activity Theory
Developed By: Marcus FelsonView the Source
Wikipedia: Situational Crime Prevention
Informed: Situational Crime PreventionView the Source
Wikipedia: Crime Pattern Theory
Informed: Environmental Criminology, Lead sectionView the Source
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